![]() On March 12, 1933, he took one more important step, delivering a relatively informal address on the banking crisis that would be broadcast over the radio. In combination with the bank holiday, Roosevelt called on Congress to come up with new emergency banking legislation to further aid the ailing financial institutions of America. One of his earliest actions as president was to declare a “bank holiday,” or a period during which all banks would be closed until they were determined to be solvent through federal inspection. In his first inaugural address, Roosevelt sought to impart a new sense of confidence for the struggling nation, declaring that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”ĭuring its first several months, famously labeled “The Hundred Days,” Roosevelt’s administration presented a broad array of measures to Congress aimed at jumpstarting America’s economic recovery–these would become the building blocks of his revolutionary New Deal. He was said to be fond of ad-libbing, explaining why official versions of his speeches often vary from the actual recorded version.īy the time Roosevelt took office in early March 1933, the Great Depression had spread across the globe, and America’s economy had declined to desperate levels, with banks in failure, industrial production crippled and more than 13 million people unemployed. In the general election, Roosevelt received some 23 million popular votes, compared with only 16 million for the Republican incumbent, Herbert Hoover.ĭid you know? Though he worked with speechwriters, Roosevelt took an active role in creating the chats, dictating early drafts and reading aloud revisions until he had almost memorized the text. In 1928, he was elected governor of New York, and four years later he won the Democratic nomination for president. After being completely paralyzed for a period of time, he remained permanently confined to a wheelchair but did not give up his dreams of a political career. Roosevelt was stricken with polio in 1921. Roosevelt's First Fireside ChatĪs a rising young politician from New York, Franklin D. Want to test your expertise of FDR and the New Deal? Try answering the critical thinking questions at the end of the section! Be sure to use evidence/examples from the module.Franklin D. These programs have transformed the extent to which the government intervenes in humanitarian issues today. Notably, some fragments of the New Deal are still in place today, like Social Security. The program and policies implemented led to more women, African Americans, and minority groups entering the workforce and becoming active voters. The New Deal and FDR’s presidency profoundly impacted American politics and government. Throughout the implementation of the Second New Deal, FDR also begins to seek out re-election for his second term in office. The Social Security Act provided a safety net in pensions to Americans and allowed the government to provide assistance and insurance to the unemployed and dependents. For example, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) provided government or public jobs within libraries, construction, the arts, national parks, and schools. Thus began the Second New Deal, an even more robust set of government programs. Despite this quick and deliberate plan, the economy was still suffering, and the environmental effects of the Dust Bowl persisted. In those First Hundred Days, many more bills passed by Congress had won over a majority of the American people’s confidence. Created the NIRA to unionize workers and guarantee their rights.Instructed farmers to decrease surplus production through the Agricultural Adjustment Act.Created the Tennessee Valley Authority and countless jobs in rural areas.Repealed Prohibition (the 21st amendment).Roosevelt’s reform began immediately with the Emergency Banking Act, and he established his plans for the First Hundred Days, in which he: His ideas and plans were communicated to countless Americans through his inauguration speech and Fireside Chats, instilling hope for the hopeless. FDR acted swiftly upon entering office to restore and improve the economy, working tirelessly to win back the public’s confidence and inspire Congress to action. Roosevelt’s mission to implement relief, recovery, and reform of the American economy and workforce. This massive transformation of politics, government, and humanitarianism in the country began with the Election of 1932 and President Franklin D.
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